cuatro.1 EHS during 1951–1980
The only EHS covering at least three stations during the first half of the 60-year study period occurred in 1972. Observed at 16 stations, it covered vast areas of western Russia and some adjacent areas to the north (Fig. 1). Indeed, this exceptionally hot summer was spatially the second largest during the study period and in the northern half of the area examined it was the hottest (Table 4). During all three summer months, the average temperature was above the long-term average, but August was the hottest. In the central part Makhachkala sexy women of the area, this was the hottest August of the entire period. The temperature difference between the long-term average and the temperature of the particular season ranged from 2.3 to 2.7 °C in the far north, to 3.6–3.9 °C in the far south, to 4.5 °C at Tambov (t ? t av + 3?). Days with a temperature higher than 30 °C were recorded even in the north, where they were very rare in other years, while in the south there were 50 such days (two to three times more than the average). In the south, there were also days with a maximum temperature greater than 35 °C. Throughout the area there were cases of hot nights, i.e., 24-h days with a minimum temperature higher than 20 °C, including for example six such days in Arhangel’sk (compared to 0.4 on average) and 17 in Voronez (normally 2.6).
These types of uncommon thermal defects inside the west Russia was in fact due to a beneficial quasi-stationary anticyclonic flow (Bardin 2007). Present research (Zveryaev et al. 2012) suggests that the summertime from 1972 is characterised by self-confident phase of Northern Atlantic Oscillation.
4.dos EHS during the 1981–1990
The latest exceptional june of this year protected the main and you will east elements of European Russia (Fig. 2). The new EHS was observed during the seven stations, including the easternmost Ivdel’ (where it absolutely was the sole particularly june in several months) and you will Ekaterinburg. Within the Kirov and you may Perm, this was the hottest june of the months. The common sky temperature along side urban area was greater than the brand new long-identity average of the 2.5–step 3.3 °C. The heat was more than the new much time-name mediocre in all about three summer time, but August are truly the only excessively very hot few days and simply during the half of every stations (including the top of the whole several months when you look at the Ivdel’, Ekaterinburg and you may Perm), while Summer and you can July didn’t meet up with the standards. There is numerous months that have an optimum temperatures higher than 29 °C, especially in the new south (20–twenty five, on average 9–11). Just regarding the southwest area of the area, there were months which have minimal temperature surpassing 20 °C (Desk 5).
The summer regarding 1988 are exceedingly sizzling hot and you may, such as 1981, sky heat anomalies secured main and you may eastern parts of Eu Russia, whilst affected region is actually shorter related to simply four stations (Fig. 2). From inside the three northern stations, this is the greatest, and in possible of Kotlas, and the merely EHS throughout the studies period. The difference between the common long-name therefore the EHS climate varied away from 2.3 to 3.1 °C along side city. July proved instance very hot (during the particular channels the greatest of months). Merely inside the Ekaterinburg did the fresh temperature stop lacking meeting the fresh new conditions in every of your days. There have been more than 10 days which have a max temperature a lot more than 30 °C at all new stations, and also in the south, the quantity try nearly 20 (compared to the anywhere between around three and you can half dozen typically). Merely separated instances of weeks having the very least heat a lot more than 20 °C was indeed recorded in the southern area of the affected region (Table 5).